A Biased History of Sci-Fi

I love science fiction, but I’m a terrible fan of it. I love spaceships and technology and new ideas and robots and aliens, but I could not save a conversation by talking with any kind of fluency about representations in books about any of them. I’ve always been better at being excited about science fiction than actually being, like into science fiction.

Always, until this past year. I don’t know how anyone else makes themselves more fun at parties, but my approach is a time-honored one: thorough research.

I don’t have time to just suddenly become fluent in science fiction. It is a big genre, containing multitudes. It explores many themes, and your representative piece of science fiction may or may not be an ept exploration of those themes. I didn’t want to just start reading science fiction. What if I started with a crappy book and turned myself off the genre? That would be unforgivable.

I wanted a more systematic approach. I wanted to know the highlights of the various movements in science fiction from someone who’s been there and compared books within the groups. I wanted that ultimate tool in becoming cool: an academic approach.

Fortunately, the internet has my back.

There’s a college professor named Gary K. Wolfe. He’s basically made a career out of reading and knowing about science fiction. He has won a couple of Hugo awards, for example, for producing stuff where he just talks about science fiction in a fun and academic way.

The Great Courses, therefore, made a clever choice by hiring Mr. Wolfe to do a series of lectures called How Great Science Fiction Works. It’s really good. I recommend it. Mr. Wolfe describes it as a course about the movements in science fiction, then says that, by a convenient ordering in the universe, that mostly ended up being a survey of science fiction’s history at the same time.

That was pretty much exactly what I wanted. I wanted a systematic, academic approach to gaining a conversational fluency in science fiction. Because I want to be cool.

The course is good. Mr. Wolfe made a lot of reading recommendations throughout it.

And here is that reading list. It is, in a sense, a (Biased) History of Science Fiction by Way of a Reading List.

It is super bloody long! And definitely biased. I showed it to some writer friends, and they questioned some of Mr. Wolfe’s omissions and inclusions.

It’s biased. But it ain’t bad.

I’d sort of like to start a reading group to work on it with me. Any youse guys interested in reading along?

Here’s a link to the spreadsheet version, in case you’d like to check your own progress with it.

AuthorTitleYearMovement
More, ThomasUtopia1516Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares
Shelley, MaryFrankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus1815Mary Shelley and the Birth of Science Fiction
Verne, JulesFrom the Earth to the Moon1865Science Fiction and the 19th Century, Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Twain, MarkConnecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, a1889Science Fiction Treatments of History
Wells, H.G.Time Machine, the1895Science Fiction and the 19th Century, Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction
Wells, H.G.War of the Worlds, the1897Science Fiction and the 19th Century, Invasions, Space Wars, and Xenocide
Burroughs, Edgar RicePrincess of Mars, A1912Rise of Science Fiction Pulps
London, JackScarlet Plague, the1912Science Fiction Wasteland
Zamyatin, YevgenyWe1920Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares
Čapek, KarelR.U.R.1921Robot: From Capek to Asimov
Stapledon, OlafLast and First Men: A Story of the Near and Far Future1930Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction
Stapledon, OlafStar Maker1937Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction
van Vogt, A.E.Slan1940Golden Age of Science Fiction Stories
Heinlein, Robert A.Orphans of the Sky1941Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Smith, Edward. E.Skylark of Space, the1946Rise of Science Fiction Pulps
Orwell, GeorgeNineteen Eighty-Four1949Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares
Stewart, George R.Earth Abides1949Science Fiction Wasteland
Asimov, IsaacI, Robot1950Robot: From Capek to Asimov
Blish, JamesCities in Flight1950Science Fiction Treatments of History, Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Bradbury, RayMartian Chronicles, the1950From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Asimov, IsaacFoundation1951Science Fiction Treatments of History
Heinlein, Robert A.Universe1951Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Asimov, IsaacFoundation and Empire1952Science Fiction Treatments of History
Asimov, IsaacSecond Foundation1953Science Fiction Treatments of History
Bradbury, RayFahrenheit 4511953Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares
Clarke, Arthur C.Childhood’s End1953Golden Age of the Science Fiction Novel
Kornbluth, Cyril M.; Pohl, FrederikSpace Merchants, the1953Golden Age of the Science Fiction Novel
Blish, JamesEarthman, Come Home1955
Finney, JackBody Snatchers, the1955Encounters with the Alien Other
Bester, AlfredStars My Destination, the1956Golden Age of the Science Fiction Novel
Blish, JamesThey Shall Have Stars1956
Clarke, Arthur C.City and the Stars, the1956Science Fiction’s Urban Landscapes
Blish, JamesCase of Conscience, a1958Science Fiction’s New Wave
Blish, JamesTriumph of Time, the/Clash of Cymbals, a1959
Heinlein, Robert A.Starship Troopers1959Invasions, Space Wars, and Xenocide
Keyes, DanielFlowers for Algernon1959Future of Science Fiction
Miller, Walter M.Canticle for Leibowitz, the1959Science Fiction Wasteland
Budrys, AlgisRogue Moon1960Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Ballard, J.G.Wind from Nowhere, the1961Science Fiction’s New Wave
Heinlein, Robert A.Stranger in a Strange Land1961Religion in Science Fiction
Lem, StanislawSolaris, 2011, Johnston1961Encounters with the Alien Other
Ballard, J.G.Drowned World, the1962Science Fiction’s New Wave
Blish, JamesLife for the Stars, a1962
Delaney, Samuel R.Jewels of Aptor, the1962Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Dick, Philip K.Man in the High Castle, the1962Science Fiction Treatments of History
Ballard, J.G.Burning World, the1964Science Fiction’s New Wave
Herbert, FrankDune1965From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Herbert, FrankDestination: Void1965Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Ballard, J.G.Crystal World, the1966Science Fiction’s New Wave
Clarke, I.F.Voices Prophesying War1966Invasions, Space Wars, and Xenocide
Delaney, Samuel R.Einstein Intersection, the1967Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Delaney, Samuel R.Nova1968Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Herbert, FrankDune Messiah1969From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Le Guin, Ursula K.Left Hand of Darkness, the1969Gender Questions and Feminist Science Fiction
Russ, JoannaFemale Man, the1970Gender Questions and Feminist Science Fiction
Silverberg, RobertWorld Inside, the1971Science Fiction’s Urban Landscapes
Strugatsky, Arkady; Strugatsky, BorisRoadside Picnic (2012, Olena Bormeshenko)1971Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Brunner, JohnSheep Look Up, the1972Environmentalism in Science Fiction
Le Guin, Ursula K.Word for World is Forest, the1972Environmentalism in Science Fiction
Ballard, J.G.Crash1973Science Fiction’s New Wave
Clarke, Arthur C.Rendezvous with Rama1973Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Le Guin, Ursula K.Ones Who Walk away from Omelas, the1973Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares
Ballard, J.G.Concrete Island1974Science Fiction’s New Wave
Charnas, Suzy McKeeWalk to End of World1974Gender Questions and Feminist Science Fiction
Haldeman, JoeForever War, the1974Invasions, Space Wars, and Xenocide
Harrison, M. JohnCentauri Device, the19741990s: The New Space Opera
Niven, Larry; Pournelle, JerryMote in God’s Eye, the1974Encounters with the Alien Other
Ballard, J.G.High-Rise1975
Butler, OctaviaPatternmaster1976Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Herbert, FrankChildren of Dune1976From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Benford, GregoryIn the Ocean of Night1977Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction, Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Cherryh, C.J.Serpant’s Reach1980
Sterling, BruceArtificial Kid, the1980Cyberpunk and the 1980s
Wolfe, GeneShadow of the Torturer, the1980Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction, Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Cherryh, C.J.Downbelow Station19811990s: The New Space Opera
Herbert, FrankGod Emperor of Dune1981From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Wolfe, GeneClaw of the Coniliator, the1981Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction, Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Cherryh, C.J.Merchanter’s Luck19821990s: The New Space Opera
Wolfe, GeneSword of the Lictor, the1982Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction, Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Cherryh, C.J.Forty Thousand in Gehenna19831990s: The New Space Opera
Greenland, ColinEntropy Exhibition, the1983Science Fiction’s New Wave
Wolfe, GeneCitadel of the Autarch, the1983Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction, Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Benford, GregoryAcross the Sea of Suns1984Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction
Gibson, WilliamNeuromancer1984Cyberpunk and the 1980s
Herbert, FrankHeretics of Dune1984From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Atwood, MargaretHandmaid’s Tale, the1985Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares, Gender Questions and Feminist Science Fiction
Herbert, FrankChapterhouse: Dune1985From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Sagan, KarlContact1985
Banks, Iain M.Consider Phlebas19871990s: The New Space Opera
Bear, GregForge of God, the1987Invasions, Space Wars, and Xenocide
Franklin, H. BruceWar Stars1988Invasions, Space Wars, and Xenocide
Sterling, BruceIslands in the Net1988Cyberpunk and the 1980s
Banks, Iain M.Use of Weapons19901990s: The New Space Opera
Cherryh, C.J.Rimrunners19901990s: The New Space Opera
Tiptree Jr., JamesHer Smoke Rose Up Forever1990Encounters with the Alien Other, Gender Questions and Feminist Science Fiction
Banks, Iain M.State of the Art, the19911990s: The New Space Opera
Baxter, StephenRaft1991
Fowler, Karen JoySarah Canary1991Encounters with the Alien Other
Robinson, Kim StanleyRed Mars1992From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Stephenson, NealSnow Crash1992Cyberpunk and the 1980s
Willis, ConnieDoomsday Book1992Science Fiction Treatments of History
Bear, GregAnvil of Stars1993Invasions, Space Wars, and Xenocide
Butler, OctaviaParable of the Sower1993Religion in Science Fiction
Robinson, Kim StanleyGreen Mars1993From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Baxter, StephenRing1994Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Benford, GregoryFurious Gulf1994Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction
Lethem, JonathanGun, with Occasional Music1994Future of Science Fiction
Sullivan, TriciaLethe1994Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Bujold, Lois McMasterCordelia’s Honor1996
Hamilton, Peter F.Reality Dysfunction, the, Part 1:19961990s: The New Space Opera
Hamilton, Peter F.Reality Dysfunction, the, Part 2: Expansion19961990s: The New Space Opera
Robinson, Kim StanleyBlue Mars1996From Mars to Arrakis: The Planet
Russel, Mary DoriaSparrow, the1996Religion in Science Fiction
Sterling, BruceHoly Fire1996Cyberpunk and the 1980s
Butler, OctaviaParable of the Talents1998Religion in Science Fiction
Hopkinson, NaloBrown Girl in the Ring1998Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Hopkinson, NaloMidnight Robber2000Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Reed, RobertMarrow2000Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Reynolds, AlastairRevelation Space20001990s: The New Space Opera
Sterling, BruceZeitgeist2000Cyberpunk and the 1980s
MacLeod, KenFall Revolution, the20011990s: The New Space Opera
Baxter, StephenEvolution2002Evolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction
Harrison, M. JohnLight20021990s: The New Space Opera
Reynolds, AlastairRedemption Ark2002
MacLeod, KenNewton’s Wake: A Space Opera20041990s: The New Space Opera
Robinson, Kim StanleyForty Signs of Rain2004Environmentalism in Science Fiction
Okorafor, NnediZahrah the Windseeker2005Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Stross, CharlesAccelerando2005Cyberpunk and the 1980s
Wilson, Robert CharlesSpin2005Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Harrison, M. JohnNova Swing20061990s: The New Space Opera
McCarthy, CormacRoad, the2006Science Fiction Wasteland
Vinge, VernorRainbows End2006Cyberpunk and the 1980s
Okorafor, NnediShadow Speaker, the2007Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Wilson, Robert CharlesAxis2007Artifact as a Science Fiction Icon
Okorafor, NnediWho Fears Death2010Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Tidhar, LavieOsama2011Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Harrison, M. JohnEmpty Space20121990s: The New Space Opera
Tidhar, LavieBookman Histories, the2012Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Hopkinson, NaloSister Mine2013Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Mandel, Emily St. JohnStation Eleven2014Future of Science Fiction
Okorafor, NnediLagoon2014Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Scalzi, JohnLock In2014Robot: from Capek to Asimov
Bacigalupi, PaoloWater Knife, the2015Environmentalism in Science Fiction
Okorafor, NnediBook of the Phoenix, the2015Science Fiction in the 21st Century
Robinson, Kim StanleyAurora2015Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon
Stephenson, NealSeveneves2015Science Fiction Wasteland
Baxter, StephenXeelee Chronicles
Benford, GregoryGalactic Center seriesEvolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction
Bujold, Lois McMasterany
Cherryh, C.J.Alliance-Union1990s: The New Space Opera
Egan, GreganyCyberpunk and the 1980s
Wolfe, GeneBook of the New Sun, theEvolution and Deep Time in Science Fiction, Spaceship as a Science Fiction Icon

4 thoughts on “A Biased History of Sci-Fi”

  1. Thanks for posting this, Oliver. I thought I was well-read, but have only ticked off 28 from this list – 29 if you count downloading (but not starting) Down Below Station. In the “cool” department, read Accelerando if you haven’t already. For a lighter introduction to Stross, I suggest the novelette Missile Gap. Very nice to see Gun With Occasional Music on this list, which I read only last month – a hardboiled noir tongue-in-cheek futuristic whodunnit. Motherless Brooklyn, also by Lethem, is also outstanding (but not SF). As for Iain Banks, I have only read his debut novel, The Wasp Factory, also not SF. Ballard has been on my list for a while.

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